### 1. Brief Introduction to Tezos (XTZ)
Tezos is a decentralized, open-source blockchain network that supports smart contracts and decentralized applications (dApps). It was launched in 2018 and is known for its self-amending protocol, which allows it to upgrade itself without the need for hard forks. This feature makes Tezos particularly appealing for long-term applications and decentralized finance (DeFi) projects.

### 2. Direct Competitors of Tezos
Direct competitors of Tezos include other smart contract platforms like Ethereum (ETH), Binance Smart Chain (BSC), and Solana (SOL). However, since Solana is excluded from the list, we will focus on Ethereum and Binance Smart Chain as primary competitors.

### 3. Competitive Advantages of Tezos
Tezos has several competitive advantages:
– **Self-Amending Protocol**: Tezos can upgrade itself without hard forks, making it more stable and less prone to splits.
– **Proof of Stake (PoS) Consensus**: Tezos uses a PoS consensus algorithm, which is more energy-efficient and less vulnerable to centralization compared to Proof of Work (PoW) algorithms.
– **Formal Verification**: Tezos supports formal verification of smart contracts, which can significantly reduce the risk of bugs and vulnerabilities.

### 4. How to Earn Tezos
You can earn Tezos through:
– **Staking**: By staking your Tezos tokens, you can earn rewards for participating in the validation process.
– **Mining**: Although Tezos is primarily a PoS network, you can also earn Tezos through baking (a form of staking) and endorsing blocks.
– **Trading**: Buying and selling Tezos on cryptocurrency exchanges can also be a way to earn profits, though it involves risk.

### 5. Famous Merchants Accepting Tezos
While Tezos is not as widely accepted as Bitcoin or Ethereum, it is accepted by various merchants and platforms, including some online stores and service providers. However, specific names are not readily available due to the dynamic nature of merchant acceptance.

### 6. Platforms to Buy Tezos
Tezos can be bought on various cryptocurrency exchanges, including:
– **Coinbase**
– **Binance**
– **Kraken**
– **Huobi**

### 7. Price Changes Over the Past Year
**Note**: The exact price changes over the past year are not provided in the search results. For accurate and up-to-date information, please consult a reliable cryptocurrency price tracker.

### 8. Price Changes of Direct Competitors Over the Past Year
**Note**: Similar to the previous point, the exact price changes of direct competitors over the past year are not provided in the search results. For accurate and up-to-date information, please consult a reliable cryptocurrency price tracker.

### 9. Percentage of Price Changes and Average Annual Return Since Establishment
– **Tezos**: Launched in 2018, Tezos has seen significant price fluctuations. However, specific percentage changes and average annual returns are not provided in the search results.
– **Establishment Date**: June 30, 2018

### 10. Percentage of Price Changes and Average Annual Return of Direct Competitors Since Establishment
– **Ethereum**: Launched in 2015, Ethereum has also seen significant price fluctuations. Specific percentage changes and average annual returns are not provided in the search results.
– **Binance Smart Chain**: Launched in 2020, Binance Smart Chain’s price changes and average annual returns are not provided in the search results.

### 11. Main Markets for Tezos
– **Asia**: Particularly in countries like South Korea and Japan, where there is a strong interest in cryptocurrencies.
– **Europe**: Countries like France and Switzerland have shown significant interest in Tezos due to its regulatory compliance features.
– **North America**: The United States and Canada have active Tezos communities and trading volumes.
– **South America**: Countries like Brazil and Argentina have growing interest in Tezos.
– **Australia**: There is a notable Tezos community and trading activity in Australia.

### 12. Future Development of Tezos
Tezos is expected to continue developing its ecosystem, focusing on DeFi applications, NFTs, and gaming. Its self-amending protocol and formal verification capabilities make it an attractive platform for developers looking for stability and security.

### 13. Famous Games Where You Can Earn Tezos
– **Dark Country**: A collectible card game that uses Tezos for its in-game economy.
– **Neon District**: A cyberpunk-themed RPG that utilizes Tezos for its token economy.

### 14. Impact of International Political Factors
International political factors, such as regulatory changes and geopolitical tensions, can affect the price of Tezos. For example, stricter regulations in major markets can lead to price drops, while favorable regulations can boost the price.

### 15. Impact of Monetary Policies
Monetary policies, such as interest rate changes and quantitative easing, can influence the price of Tezos. For instance, a rise in interest rates in major economies can lead to a decrease in cryptocurrency prices as investors seek safer, higher-yielding assets.

### 16. Impact of War Factors
War and geopolitical conflicts can significantly impact the price of Tezos. Uncertainty and instability often lead to a flight to safety, causing investors to sell risky assets like cryptocurrencies.

### 17. Estimated Price in the Next Year
Given the volatility of cryptocurrency markets, it is challenging to provide an accurate estimate of Tezos’ price in the next year. However, assuming continued development of its ecosystem and no major adverse events, Tezos could potentially see moderate growth.

### Important Reminder
**Investment involves risks. Cryptocurrency prices may surge or plummet, and you may risk losing all your investments. Past performance does not represent future performance, so please ask someone you trust or an expert before making a decision.**